Abstracto

Prevalence and Identification of Predominant Causative Agents of Bovine Mastitis in Boke Woreda of Western Hararghe Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Endeshaw Zerfu1, Henok Abebe2*, Biniyam Mengiste2, Henok Mulatu Wezir Shafi3, Abrahim Ahmed Jibril4, Addisu Mezgebu5, Habib mohammed6

A cross sectional study was carried out from November 2010 to April 2011 at Boke district, Western Hararghe zone of Oromia regional state to determine the prevalence and isolate the major bacterial agents that involved in bovine mastitis. The study was conducted on 384 local zebu lactating cows which were examined through clinical examination, CMT test and microbiological examination. From the 1536 quarters of 384 cows examined, 98(25.5%) were positive on CMT bases for mastitis at cows level and 157(10.2%) at quarter’s level. Out of these, 80 (20.8%) subclinical and 18(4.7%) clinical at cow level were infected. whereas127 (8.3%) subclinical and 30(2%) clinical at quarters level. 6(1.6%) and 12(3.1%) were acute and chronic in cow level and 9(.6%) and 21(1.4%) were acute and chronic in quarter level respectively. Out of CMT positive animals, 80(20.8%) in cow level and 108(7%) in quarter level were cultured and positive for mastitis causal agents. The 1480 (96.4) quarters were functional and the rest 56(3.6%) were blind. 26(7%), 9(2.3%) and 4(1%) animals had single, double and three blind teats respectively. From CMT positive cases, 108 pathogens were isolated. The most prevalent bacterial organisms isolated were Staphylococcus species (19%) following by Streptococcus species (18%) and Enterobacteriacae (16%).The predominant bacterial species from the isolated (Staphylococcus aureus, E.coli, Streptococcus agalactiae) were the highest number of isolates. Risk factors analysis revealed that the age (P<0.05), parity (P<0.05) and udder hygiene condition (P<0.05) were highly significant for the prevalence of mastitis. Therefore treating clinically infected cows, regular screening for early detection of subclinical mastitis were important in reducing the prevalence of mastitis in the study area.