Jayashri N Nair, J. Deepthi, K. Siva kalyani
Biodiesel is a renewable diesel replacement fuel that is manufactured from domestically produced oils such as soybean oil, recycled cooking oils, or animal fats [13]. To manufacture biodiesel, these fats and oils are chemically reacted with a short chain alcohol (such as methanol) and a catalyst to produce biodiesel and a glycerin co-product. Biodiesel can be used alone (B100) or blended with petroleum diesel in any proportion [13]. Biodiesel can be legally blended with petroleum diesel in any percentage. ASTM International develops specifications for conventional diesel fuel (ASTM D975). These specifications allow for biodiesel concentrations of up to 5% (B5). Low-level biodiesel blends, such as B5 are ASTM approved for safe operation in any compression-ignition engine designed to be operated on petroleum diesel. Biodiesel can be blended and used in many different concentrations, including B100 (pure biodiesel), B20 (20% biodiesel, 80% petroleum diesel), B5 (5% biodiesel, 95% petroleum diesel) and B2 (2% biodiesel, 98% petroleum diesel) [14]. This paper deal with the different reviews of the studies associated with the emissions properties of biodiesel. Various Studies showed pollutants like CO (Carbon monoxide), HC (Hydro Carbon), PM (Particulate matters) etc. can be reduced by using biodiesel blended with diesel. Increment in NOx emission has been a problem in biodiesel but it can be overcome by various methods like cetane no improver. Additives play a crucial role in minimizing NOx emission that could be a sigh of relief for the researcher who are opting biodiesel as an alternative fuel [28].
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